Model Sistem Pengendalian Internal pada Usaha Kecil
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan model pengendalian internal yang sesuai untuk usaha kecil melalui studi kasus di Toko Bangunan Setia Budi, Gorontalo. Kelemahan Sistem Pengendalian Internal (SPI) di toko tersebut memicu ketidaksesuaian material pada pelaporan SPT Tahunan berdasarkan SP2DK, khususnya terkait laporan aset (deposito) dan tarif pajak. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif eksploratif, data dihimpun melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi, lalu dianalisis dengan model Miles & Huberman, Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelemahan SPI bersifat sistemik pada seluruh komponen COSO. Sebagai solusi, penelitian ini merekomendasikan modifikasi lima komponen COSO yang adaptif untuk usaha kecil: (1) penguatan strategis pemilik: (2) penilaian risiko sederhana pada area kritis; (3) aktivitas pengendalian prioritas (rekonsiliasi rutin, otorisasi, dan review SPT); (4) optimalisasi informasi dan komunikasi; serta (5) pemantauan terintegrasi harian, mingguan, dan bulanan.
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