Model Akuntansi Lingkungan untuk Masyarakat Pesisir: Studi Pengelolaan Limbah Organik Mangrove dengan Pendekatan Ekonomi Sirkular di Gorontalo
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi pemanfaatan limbah organik mangrove dalam kerangka ekonomi sirkular serta merancang model akuntansi lingkungan berbasis masyarakat di Desa Langge, Kecamatan Anggrek, Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif eksploratif dengan desain studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara semi-terstruktur, dan studi literatur, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan mangrove di Desa Langge masih menghadapi berbagai kendala, seperti lemahnya kelembagaan, rendahnya literasi ekonomi sirkular masyarakat, belum optimalnya pemanfaatan limbah mangrove, serta belum adanya sistem pencatatan berbasis akuntansi lingkungan. Limbah mangrove seperti daun gugur, serasah, dan kayu mati belum dimanfaatkan secara produktif, padahal berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi pupuk organik, briket bioenergi, maupun produk kerajinan ramah lingkungan. Selain itu, pengelolaan wisata mangrove masih bersifat informal sehingga biaya pemeliharaan, rehabilitasi, dan manfaat ekonomi belum terdokumentasi secara sistematis. Penelitian ini menawarkan model akuntansi lingkungan berbasis ekonomi sirkular yang mengintegrasikan aspek lingkungan, sosial, dan ekonomi sebagai instrumen transparansi, evaluasi, dan penguatan tata kelola pengelolaan mangrove berbasis komunitas. Model tersebut diharapkan mampu mendukung keberlanjutan ekosistem mangrove dan meningkatkan pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat pesisir
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